2011张剑考研英语模拟题2-在线考试系统

1、【简答题】
Directions:
Now more people are buying lottery tickets. Study the following charts carefully and write an article on the topic of lottery. In your article, you should cover the following points:
1) describe the phenomenon;
2) analyze the phenomenon, and give your comments on it.
You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points) [20分]

解析：
Nowadays, more and more people, especially in big cities, become interested in buying lottery tickets. According to chart 1, averagely 70 percent of those polled in the survey, held in three big cities, claimed to have dreamed of winning the big prize of five-million yuan. 85 percent of those polled in Guangzhou had had such a dream, compared with 65 percent and 60 percent, respectively, in Beijing and Shanghai.
The attraction of buying lottery tickets is obvious. The winner can get the biggest profit for the future with only a small investment. It realizes the beautiful dream of every participant-to be richer and to improve living standards. As is shown in Chart 2, should they win a big lottery, 81.3% of people would buy a new house, 61.9% would buy a car, and 61.7% would save the money for the education of themselves or their kids. And a great proportion of people say they would put the money in the bank or use it for investment or touring. Despite all the attractions brought by the lottery buying, it has also come under criticism. Some regard it as a kind of gambling, which is a potentially addictive behaviour.
In my opinion, buying lottery tickets is not so bad as some people think. Instead, it is good for society by creating new jobs and representing an important source of income for charity and sports causes. Of course, it is not a means of making money for individuals we should encourage, because the result is hardly predictable. Therefore, we should take a positive but cautious attitude towards lottery buying behavior.

2、【简答题】
[2分]

解析：
其动机是宗教性质的,但他也说这是一种明显的技巧,一种方法,它可以产生预期的政治效果｡

3、【简答题】
[2分]

解析：
这个由甘地提出并付诸实践的方法,最早起源于南非,是一种非暴力的斗争方式,用既不伤害对方又不会引发仇恨的手段打败敌人｡

4、【简答题】
[2分]

解析：
早年间,在布尔战争期间甘地曾经为英方抬过担架,而且在1914-1918年战争期间他又准备这么做｡

5、【简答题】
[2分]

解析：
而且也确实没有采取毫无意义的､不诚实的态度,假装说在所有战争中参战双方完全一样,因而谁获得胜利都无所谓｡

6、【简答题】
[2分]

解析：
我必须说,我从未从任何一个西方和平主义者那里听到过对该问题的诚实的答复,但是却听大了大量的躲闪之词,通常都是“你是另外一回事”之类的回答｡
全文翻译
甘地的和平主义在某种程度上可以与他的其他教义区分开来｡其动机是宗教性质的,但他也说这是一种明显的技巧,一种方法,它可以产生预期的政治效果｡甘地的态度不同于大多数西方和平主义者的态度｡Satyagraha——这个由甘地提出并付诸实践的方法,最早起源于南非,是一种非暴力的斗争方式,用既不伤害对方又不会引发仇恨的手段打败敌人｡它包括诸如公民抗议､罢工､卧轨､忍受警方的指控既不逃跑也不还击等等｡甘地反对把“Satyagraha”翻译为“消极抵抗”,在古吉拉特语中,这个词的意思好像是“真理的坚定性”｡早年间,在布尔战争期间甘地曾经为英方抬过担架,而且在1914-1918年战争期间他又准备这么做｡即使在他彻底放弃暴力之后,他仍然很诚实地认识到在战争中必须要有明确的立场｡由于他的整个政治生涯都在为民族独立而斗争,因此他不能,而且也确实没有采取毫无意义的､不诚实的态度,假装说在所有战争中参战双方完全一样,因而谁获得胜利都无所谓｡他也没有像大多数西方和平主义者一样,专门躲避棘手的问题｡对于战争,每一个和平主义者都有明确义务去回答的一个问题是:“犹太人怎么办?你准备看到他们被灭绝吗?”我必须说,我从未从任何一个西方和平主义者那里听到过对该问题的诚实的答复,但是却听见了大量的躲闪之词,通常都是“你是另外一回事”之类的回答｡甘地在1938年也被问到了类似的问题｡他的回答被收录在路易斯•费舍尔先生所著的《甘地和斯大林》一书中｡据费舍尔先生记载,甘地认为德国犹太人应该选择集体自杀,“以唤起世界和德国人对希特勒暴政的认识”｡